Energy & Renewables
The energy transition is happening. As nations drive toward net zero emission targets and resilient renewable energy networks, economic analysis plays a pivotal role. Economics enables complex, data-driven decisions for governments, regulators, private sector businesses, investors, and market participants; to co-optimise gas, electricity and hydrogen markets. And we’re here to help.

We’ve been independent economic advisors to the energy sector for 20+ years, leading critical debates and supporting the development of key government energy policies and private sector strategies.
Economics for a co-optimised energy solution
Today, electricity, gas and hydrogen markets are deeply interconnected and complex, and our primary role has been to connect the dots and find co-optimal solutions for our clients. Whether it is to inform the development of new emission targets policies, challenge current practices, forecast demand and pricing, or optimise production for leading energy companies.
energy42 optimises all three sectors at once, including the flows between them.
Steam methane reforming (SMR)
Gas is used to make hydrogen
PEM electrolysers
Power makes hydrogen
H2 generation
Hydrogen fuels power stations
The line on the left: natural gas also goes straight to electricity, in gas-fired generation.
Pioneering the energy transition
In 2002, our economic analysis supported the development of the world’s first mandatory broad based emissions trading scheme for the NSW Government, and we participated in the project behind the world’s first “big battery” for the South Australian Energy Plan in 2017.
Today, we lead the charge in energy transition economics consulting, guiding public policy formulation and private sector strategies towards a low-carbon future. Our work shapes the landscape of energy policy, market regulation, and sustainable practices, aligning economic imperatives with environmental stewardship.
Supporting current energy market networks
While we continue to support the transition, existing energy market players continue to need economic analysis to anticipate and respond to existing operations inc. regulation, managing competition issues and the existing network production, pricing and strategy needs.
Energy trading, energy market transactions and contracts, distributed energy resources, embedded networks, microgrids and smart grids are some of our areas of expertise.
World-leading energy modelling tools and talent
Our leading energy market models are the bedrock of our consulting arsenal. Designed, built and tested through decades of in-house expertise, technology development, machine learning/AI, and rigorous external validation, our models offer a reliable and robust foundation for our strategic advice across energy regulation, trading, transactions, and contracts.
Energy42 is our most comprehensive model, which integrates the electricity, gas and hydrogen investments and co-optimises the least cost investment in production, storage and transmission across each sector, simultaneously.
Find out more about our capabilities at our Data Analytics and Economic Modelling pages.
Our multidisciplinary approach addresses the intricacies of these interconnected markets, in projects such as:
Public sector
Private sector
Our energy team
All peopleCase studies & insights
All insightsAmazon Web Services | Electricity cost recovery from data centres
Read our case study on how we analysed the impact of new data centre connections and electricity demand in Australia and New Zealand.
Developing an internal carbon price | Port Operator
View our case study on how we helped a major Port Operator develop their internal carbon price, to reach net zero emissions by 2040.
Beyond Silos (Melbourne): Unlocking integrated outcomes across Waste, Water, Energy and Transport
On 14 October 2026, Frontier Economics & Sphere Infrastructure invited leaders from industry and government to explore how waste, wastewater, energy, transport...
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